1. Understanding the SSA’s Definition of Disability

Before submitting your claim, it’s crucial to understand how the SSA defines disability.

To qualify for SSDI benefits, you must show that:

• You have a medically determinable physical or mental impairment;
• The condition has lasted or is expected to last at least 12 months (or result in death); and
• Your condition prevents you from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA) — in other words, you can’t do the work you used to do, or adjust to new work.

Meeting this definition requires objective medical proof, not just self-reported symptoms.

2. Medical Evidence: The Foundation of Your SSDI Claim

The most critical proof in your SSDI application is medical evidence. The SSA relies heavily on your medical records to determine whether your disability is severe enough to prevent work.

Here’s the medical documentation you’ll need:

A. Doctor’s Records

Your treating physician’s notes, diagnoses, and treatment history are essential. The SSA looks for:

• Diagnosis reports confirming your medical condition.
• Progress notes showing ongoing treatment and how your condition affects you over time.
• Prognosis statements indicating whether your condition is expected to improve or remain the same.

B. Objective Test Results

Lab tests and imaging studies provide concrete medical proof. These may include:

• X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans.
• Blood test results.
• Pulmonary function tests or EKGs.
• Neurological or psychological evaluations.

Objective findings strengthen your claim far more than subjective complaints alone.

C. Treatment Records

Provide detailed documentation of all treatments, medications, or therapies, including:

• Hospital or clinic discharge summaries.
• Surgery reports and rehabilitation notes.
• Physical therapy or counseling records.

Consistent medical treatment helps demonstrate that your condition is serious and ongoing.

3. Supporting Statements from Medical Professionals

In addition to records, written statements from your doctors can make your case stronger.

A Residual Functional Capacity (RFC) form, completed by your physician, is especially important. It describes:

• How long you can sit, stand, or walk.
• How much you can lift or carry.
• Whether your condition affects concentration, memory, or motor skills.
• How often you would need breaks during a workday.

These statements translate your medical condition into practical work limitations — exactly what the SSA considers when determining eligibility.

4. Proof of Work History

Since SSDI is based on work credits, you must also show that you’ve paid enough into the Social Security system.

You’ll need to provide:

• W-2 forms or pay stubs from previous employers.
• Tax returns if you were self-employed.
• Information on employment dates and job duties.

The SSA uses this information to verify whether you meet the work credit requirements for SSDI eligibility.

5. Non-Medical Proof

While medical records are the heart of your claim, non-medical evidence can also help demonstrate how your disability affects daily life. This may include:

• Personal statements describing your symptoms, pain levels, and daily limitations.
• Statements from family members or caregivers who witness your struggles.
• Employer letters explaining why you were unable to continue working.

Together, these can provide a clearer picture of how your condition limits your ability to function on a daily basis.

6. SSA’s Listing of Impairments

The SSA maintains a “Blue Book” — an official Listing of Impairments that outlines qualifying medical conditions.

If your condition matches one of these listings (for example, certain cancers, heart diseases, or severe mental disorders), your claim may be approved automatically — provided your medical records include the required documentation.

If your condition doesn’t match a listing exactly, you can still qualify if the SSA determines that your limitations are as severe as those in the listings.

7. Consistency Is Key

One of the biggest reasons SSDI claims are denied in Illinois is inconsistent information. The SSA carefully checks whether your:

• Medical statements match your work reports.
• Reported symptoms align with test results.
• Doctor’s notes correspond with your daily activities.

Any inconsistency can cause the SSA to question your credibility. Make sure all your documentation tells a consistent story about your disability.

8. Updating Your Records

If your SSDI claim is still pending, continue getting medical treatment. The SSA may request updated records before making a decision.



Regular appointments and ongoing documentation show that your condition continues to affect you, which can strengthen your case significantly.